{"id":2723,"date":"2018-02-27T21:03:52","date_gmt":"2018-02-27T19:03:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mariusbancila.ro\/blog\/?p=2723"},"modified":"2018-04-20T10:29:48","modified_gmt":"2018-04-20T08:29:48","slug":"stduuid-a-cpp-library-for-universally-unique-identifiers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mariusbancila.ro\/blog\/2018\/02\/27\/stduuid-a-cpp-library-for-universally-unique-identifiers\/","title":{"rendered":"stduuid &#8211; A C++ library for universally unique identifiers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I have recently submitted a proposal for a new standard library for universally unique identifiers. The library is called uuid and the paper, <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mariusbancila\/stduuid\/blob\/master\/P0959.md\">P0959R0 &#8211; A Proposal for a Universally Unique Identifier Library<\/a>, is available on Github. The design of the library is inspired by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.boost.org\/doc\/libs\/1_65_1\/libs\/uuid\/uuid.html\">Boost Uuid Library<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/graeme-hill\/crossguid\">Crossuuid<\/a> library. I got lots of great feedback that shaped the formed of the proposal from people on the <a href=\"https:\/\/groups.google.com\/a\/isocpp.org\/forum\/#!forum\/std-proposals\">ISO C++ Standard &#8211; Future Proposals<\/a> forum.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>I have made an implementation of the library, which is called stduuid, and again, it available on <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mariusbancila\/stduuid\">github<\/a>. This implementation is supported on all major operating systems: Windows, Linux and Mac OS.<\/p>\n<h3>Motivation<\/h3>\n<p>Universally unique identifiers (uuid), also known as Globally Unique Identifiers (guids), are commonly used in many types of applications to uniquely identify data. A standard uuid library would benefit developers that currently have to either use operating system specific APIs for creating new uuids or resort to 3rd party libraries, such as boost::uuid.<\/p>\n<p>UUIDs are 128-bit numbers that are for most practical purposes unique, without depending on a central registration authority for ensuring their uniqueness. Although the probability of UUID duplication exists, it is negligible. According to Wikipedia, &#8220;for there to be a one in a billion chance of duplication, 103 trillion version 4 UUIDs must be generated.&#8221; UUID is an Internet Engineering Task Force standard described by RFC 4122.<\/p>\n<p>The library proposed on this paper is a light one: it enables developers to generate random and name-based UUIDs, serialize and deserialize UUIDs to and from strings, validate UUIDs and other common operations.<\/p>\n<h3>Using the library<\/h3>\n<p>The following is a list of examples for using the library:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\nCreating a nil UUID<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuid empty;\r\nassert(empty.nil());\r\nassert(empty.size() == 16);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nCreating a new UUID<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuid const guid = uuids::uuid_system_generator{}();\r\nassert(!guid.nil());\r\nassert(guid.size() == 16);\r\nassert(guid.version() == uuids::uuid_version::random_number_based);\r\nassert(guid.variant() == uuids::uuid_variant::rfc);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nCreating a new UUID with a default random generator<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuids::uuid_random_generator gen;\r\nuuid const guid = gen();\r\nassert(!guid.nil());\r\nassert(guid.size() == 16);\r\nassert(guid.version() == uuids::uuid_version::random_number_based);\r\nassert(guid.variant() == uuids::uuid_variant::rfc);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nCreating a new UUID with a particular random generator<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >std::random_device rd;\r\nstd::ranlux48_base generator(rd());\r\nuuids::basic_uuid_random_generator&lt;std::ranlux48_base&gt; gen(&amp;generator);\r\n\r\nuuid const guid = gen();\r\nassert(!guid.nil());\r\nassert(guid.size() == 16);\r\nassert(guid.version() == uuids::uuid_version::random_number_based);\r\nassert(guid.variant() == uuids::uuid_variant::rfc);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nCreating a new UUID with the name generator<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuids::uuid_name_generator gen;\r\nuuid const guid = gen();\r\nassert(!guid.nil());\r\nassert(guid.size() == 16);\r\nassert(guid.version() == uuids::uuid_version::name_based_sha1);\r\nassert(guid.variant() == uuids::uuid_variant::rfc);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<p>Create a UUID from a string<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >using namespace std::string_literals;\r\n\r\nauto str = \"47183823-2574-4bfd-b411-99ed177d3e43\"s;\r\nuuid guid(str);\r\nassert(guid.string() == str);<\/pre>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >auto str = L\"47183823-2574-4bfd-b411-99ed177d3e43\"s;\r\nuuid guid(str);\r\nassert(guid.wstring() == str);   <\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nCreating a UUID from an array<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >std::array&lt;uuids::uuid::value_type, 16&gt; arr{{\r\n   0x47, 0x18, 0x38, 0x23,\r\n   0x25, 0x74,\r\n   0x4b, 0xfd,\r\n   0xb4, 0x11,\r\n   0x99, 0xed, 0x17, 0x7d, 0x3e, 0x43}};\r\nuuid guid(std::begin(arr), std::end(arr));\r\nassert(id.string() == \"47183823-2574-4bfd-b411-99ed177d3e43\");<\/pre>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuids::uuid::value_type arr[16] = {\r\n   0x47, 0x18, 0x38, 0x23,\r\n   0x25, 0x74,\r\n   0x4b, 0xfd,\r\n   0xb4, 0x11,\r\n   0x99, 0xed, 0x17, 0x7d, 0x3e, 0x43 };\r\nuuid guid(std::begin(arr), std::end(arr));\r\nassert(guid.string() == \"47183823-2574-4bfd-b411-99ed177d3e43\");<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nComparing UUIDS<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuid empty;\r\nuuid guid = uuids::uuid_system_generator{}();\r\n\r\nassert(empty == empty);\r\nassert(guid == guid);\r\nassert(empty != guid);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nSwapping UUIDS<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuid empty;\r\nuuid guid = uuids::uuid_system_generator{}();\r\n\r\nassert(empty.nil());\r\nassert(!guid.nil());\r\n\r\nstd::swap(empty, guid);\r\n\r\nassert(!empty.nil());\r\nassert(guid.nil());\r\n\r\nempty.swap(guid);\r\n\r\nassert(empty.nil());\r\nassert(!guid.nil());<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nConverting to string<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuid empty;\r\nassert(uuids::to_string(empty) == \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000\");\r\nassert(uuids::to_wstring(empty) == L\"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000\");<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nIterating through the UUID data<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >std::array&lt;uuids::uuid::value_type, 16&gt; arr{{\r\n   0x47, 0x18, 0x38, 0x23,\r\n   0x25, 0x74,\r\n   0x4b, 0xfd,\r\n   0xb4, 0x11,\r\n   0x99, 0xed, 0x17, 0x7d, 0x3e, 0x43}};\r\n\r\nuuid guid;\r\nassert(guid.nil());\r\n\r\nstd::copy(std::cbegin(arr), std::cend(arr), std::begin(guid));\r\nassert(!guid.nil());\r\nassert(guid.string() == \"47183823-2574-4bfd-b411-99ed177d3e43\");\r\n\r\nsize_t i = 0;\r\nfor (auto const &amp; b : guid)\r\n   assert(arr[i++] == b);<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nUsing with an orderered associative container<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuids::uuid_random_generator gen;\r\nstd::set&lt;uuids::uuid&gt; ids{uuid{}, gen(), gen(), gen(), gen()};\r\n\r\nassert(ids.size() == 5);\r\nassert(ids.find(uuid{}) != ids.end());<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nUsing in an unordered associative container<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >uuids::uuid_random_generator gen;\r\nstd::unordered_set&lt;uuids::uuid&gt; ids{uuid{}, gen(), gen(), gen(), gen()};\r\n\r\nassert(ids.size() == 5);\r\nassert(ids.find(uuid{}) != ids.end());<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\nHashing UUIDs<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \" >auto h1 = std::hash&lt;std::string&gt;{};\r\nauto h2 = std::hash&lt;uuid&gt;{};\r\nassert(h1(str) == h2(guid));<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can read more about the library, including the proposed paper, on Github. I encourage you to try the library and provide feedback, whether here or on github, on the issues or the suggestions that you might have.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I have recently submitted a proposal for a new standard library for universally unique identifiers. The library is called uuid and the paper, <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mariusbancila\/stduuid\/blob\/master\/P0959.md\">P0959R0 &#8211; A Proposal for a Universally Unique Identifier Library<\/a>, is available on Github. The design of the library is inspired by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.boost.org\/doc\/libs\/1_65_1\/libs\/uuid\/uuid.html\">Boost Uuid Library<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/graeme-hill\/crossguid\">Crossuuid<\/a> library. I got lots of great feedback that shaped the formed of the proposal from people on the <a href=\"https:\/\/groups.google.com\/a\/isocpp.org\/forum\/#!forum\/std-proposals\">ISO C++ Standard &#8211; Future Proposals<\/a> forum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7],"tags":[451,491,138,74,537],"class_list":["post-2723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c","tag-c","tag-github","tag-library","tag-standard","tag-uuid"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A short intro for the uuid library proposed for standardization - paper P0959R0.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marius Bancila\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"c++,library,uuid,github,standard\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mariusbancila.ro\/blog\/2018\/02\/27\/stduuid-a-cpp-library-for-universally-unique-identifiers\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.4\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Marius Bancila&#039;s Blog | About code. 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